Activity limitations

No

ref.

ref.

Yes

6.44***

[4.09 - 10.13]

5.92***

[3.39 - 10.34]

Level of education

Tertiary

ref.

ref.

Primary

3.27***

[1.93 - 5.55]

2.51

[0.88 - 7.12]

Secondary

1.67*

[1.03 - 2.71]

2.62*

[1.23 - 5.62]

Occupation

Stable positive (+/+)

ref.

ref.

Stable negative (−/−)

2.15***

[1.39 - 3.35]

1.35

[0.63 - 2.92]

Negative (+/−)

1.61

[0.91 - 2.85]

1.42

[0.69 - 2.92]

Positive (−/+)

0.76

[0.31 - 1.87]

0.69

[0.22 - 2.20]

Employment contract (permanent contract/others)

Stable positive (+/+)

ref.

ref.

Stable negative (−/−)

5.49**

[1.56 - 19.39]

3.23

[0.66 - 15.83]

Negative (+/−)

2.07

[0.71 - 6.07]

2.08

[0.50 - 8.59]

Positive (−/+)

1.83

[0.99 - 3.38]

1.56

[0.68 - 3.59]

Working-time (Part-time/Full-time)

Stable positive (+/+)

ref.

ref.

Stable negative (−/−)

1.35

[0.81 - 2.25]

2.20

[0.95 - 5.09]

Negative (+/−)

1.33

[0.69 - 2.56]

2.16

[0.79 - 5.93]

Positive (−/+)

2.84*

[1.15 - 6.99]

5.41**

[1.52 - 19.23]

Unemployment period between 2003 and 2012

None

ref.

ref.

At least one

0.74

[0.39 - 1.40]

0.82

[0.32 - 2.07]

Frequency of job changes between 2003 and 2012

None

ref.

ref.

One

0.73

[0.45 - 1.18]

1.29

[0.68 - 2.46]

Two or more

0.81

[0.44 - 1.48]

1.23

[0.52 - 2.86]

Evolution of wage quartile

Stable positive (+/+)

ref.

ref.

Stable negative (−/−)

1.43

[0.95 - 2.14]

0.51

[0.23 - 1.12]

Negative (+/−)

2.45**

[1.24 - 4.81]

2.46*

[1.01 - 6.03]

Positive (−/+)

1.42

[0.72 - 2.81]

1.67

[0.66 - 4.24]

R²

0.2212