Material

Max

temperature (˚C)

m 2

Elongation

specified

Reduction of area specified

α s l

Ferritic steel

480

0.6 ( 1 R t )

2 ln ( 1 + ε b r e a k )

ln ( 1 1 + A )

2.2

Aluminum

120

0.52 ( 0.98 R t )

1.3 ln ( 1 + ε b r e a k )

ln ( 1 1 + A )

2.2