| Sr. No. | Parameter | Description | Units | Value |
| 1 | ρ | Density of metal | kg/m3 | 8912 |
| 2 | ε | Emissivity of molten metal | Nil | 0.19 |
| 3 | ε | Emissivity of mold material | Nil | 0.78 |
| 4 | Cp | Specific heat of metal | J/kg/K | 730 |
| 5 | Hf | Heat of fusion of metal | J/kg | 174,700 |
| 6 | σ | Stefan – Boltzmann constant | W/m2/K4 | 5.670 × 10−8 |