L	tube length	[m]
P	pressure	[Pa]
Q₀	incident microwave power at the sample surface	[W]
Q₁	incident microwave power per unit surface	[W・m⁻²]
QLR	heat generation due to microwave	[W・m⁻³]
R	tube radius	[m]
T	T temperature	[K]
c_p	specificheat	[J・Kg⁻¹・K⁻¹]
h_c	convective heat transfer coefficient	[W・m⁻²・k⁻¹]
r	radialdirection	[m]
t	time	[s]
v_m	averageaxialfluidvelocity	[m・s⁻¹]
v_z	axialfluidvelocity	[m・s⁻¹]
z	axialdirection	[m]
α	attenuationfactor	[cm⁻¹]
e'	dielectric constant	[−]
e"	dielectric loss	[-]
ρ	density	[kg・m⁻³]
τ_rz	flux of z-momentum in the positive r direction-	[Pa]