Parameter

Sign of derivative of t N ( t , x ) w.r.t parameter

Sign of derivative of r i ( t , x )

w.r.t parameter

k

Positive

NA

m f

Negative

NA

β

Negative

Positive

l

Positive if k 1 m f < 0

Negative if k 1 m f > 0

Negative

λ i

Positive

Negative

α

Negative

Positive

γ

Negative

Positive