11) | Recruitment: V Setting: College Age: 17.3 (±0.3) Gender: F Area: Rural Adherence: 8% attrition and 36% attendance | Intervention activity: Gym class Intervention period: 15.5 months 3 × 45 minute classes per week | Physiological | Quantitative Pre-Post Control group n = 56 Intervention group n = 75 | Calcium supplementation and exercise significantly enhanced bone mineral status in adolescent girls. Supplement taking adherence 70% (±27). Exercise adherence 36 (±25). Stronger effects with increased compliance. | Ecological levels: Intrapersonal |
12) | Recruitment: V Setting: University Age: 21.6 (±6.17) Gender: F/M Area: Urban Adherence: NR | Intervention activity: Walking Intervention period: 6 weeks | Physiological | Quantitative Pre-Post Control group n = 4 Intervention group n = 8 | All intervention participants significantly increased their daily step count. No significant change in fitness or BMI. A daily target of 10,000 steps may be an appropriate intervention for sedentary university students. | Ecological levels: Intrapersonal |
13) | Recruitment: V Setting: University Age: 19 Gender: F/M Area: Urban Adherence: 23.4% attrition | Intervention activity: Gym Intervention period: 6 months, October 2012-March 2013 | Combined | Quantitative Pre-Post- Follow-up Control group n = 709 Intervention group n = 736 | Intervention reduced smoking rates. Small increase in fruit and vegetable intake, PA and alcohol consumption. No significant change in BMI for either group. Intervention engagement was slow. | Ecological levels: Intrapersonal Theoretical framework: Theory of planned behaviour |
14) | Recruitment: V (referral) Setting: Gym Age: 16 - 24 Gender: F/M Area: Rural Adherence: 57.1% attrition | Intervention activity: Gym classes Intervention period: 24 weeks | Physiological | Quantitative Pre-Post | Significant increases in self-reported PA. BMI of 30+ at pre was a significant negative predictor of completion. Whole group-uptake was 81%, adherence 53.5%, completion 42.9%. 16 - 25 females Uptake, 66.7%; Adherence, 28.1% Completers, 21.9%. | Ecological levels: Intrapersonal Theoretical framework: Transtheoretical model |
15) | Recruitment: V Setting: University (students and staff) Age: 20.6 (±2.2) Gender: F Area: NR Adherence: 62.9% attendance | Intervention activity: Aerobics classes Intervention period: 10 weeks | Psychological | Quantitative Pre-Post | Positive correlations between self-efficacy variables and proxy-efficacy. Self-efficacy and proxy-efficacy accounted for 34% of the variance in exercise attendance for class initiates. Proxy efficacy perceptions are related to self-efficacy. | Ecological levels: Intrapersonal Interpersonal |
16) | Recruitment: V Setting: University Age: 25.36 (±8.48) Gender: F Area: Urban Adherence: NR | Intervention activity: Gym classes Intervention period: 10 weeks | Psychological | Quantitative | Leadership style didn’t affect experienced exercisers. For exercise initiates, contingent reward behaviours explained variation in scheduling and barrier efficacy, but not within-class self-efficacy. Exercise initiates had lower levels of self-efficacy in all 3 types. | Ecological levels: Intrapersonal Interpersonal |