Type of WWTP’s | Country | MP size range | MP concentration (particles kg−1 d.w.a and w.wb) | Analytical Method | References |
(7WWTPs,) | Ireland (7WWTPs) | 250 µm - 4 mm | 4196 - 15,385 | Optical and FT-IR | Mahon et al., 2017 [161] |
(7WWTPs,) | Netherlands (Amsterdam) | 0.7 µm - 5 mm | 370 - 950 | FT-IR | Leslie et al., [104] |
n.a | Sweden (Lysekil) | 300 µm - 5 mm | 16.7a × 104 | FT-IR | Magnusson & Norén, 2014 [96] |
n.a | (USA) Ithaca, New York | No Data | About 1000 - 4000 | Filtration techniques | Zubris and Richards, 2017 [165] |
Primary, Secondary and Tertiary | USA (Los Angeles County) | <5 mm | 5000 | Visual sorting, Microscope FT-IR | Carr et al., 2016 [99] |
| China (28WWTPs,) | 37 µm - 5 mm | 1565 - 56,386a |
| Li et al., 2018 [166] |
12 WWTPs: mostly secondary and tertiary | Germany (Oldenburg | <5 mm | 1000 to 24,000a | micro-FT-IR | Mintening et al., 2014, 2017 [94] [101] |
| Germany (Seelze) | 20 to 100 µm | 495,000a | confocal Raman microscopy | Sujathan et al., 2017 [164] |
Secondary | UK (Glasgow) | 1.34 - 1.62 mm | About 2000b | FT-IR | Murphy et al., 2016 [90] |
Primary and secondary | Finland (Mikkeli) | <1mm | 8.2 - 301.4b | FT-IR and Raman Microscope | Lares et al., 2018 [95] |
Primary and secondary | Canada (Vancouver) | 64 µm | 4400b | Microscopy and FT-IR | Gies et al., 2018 [119] |
| Norway (10 WWTPs) | 54 µm to 5mm | 6 077a | µ-FT-IR | Lusher et al., 2018 [163] |
n.a | China (Jiangsu) | 25 to >500 μm | 1.6 and 0.7b | FT-IR | Lv et al., 2019 [125] |
Primary and secondary | China (Wuhan) | 100 to 800 μm | 24,030a | Visual inspection and FT-IR | Liu et al., 2019 [126] |