Ref.

MP conc.

in influents

MP conc.

in effluent

Lower size limit for fractionation µm

WWTP type

Retention/ Efficiency

Analytical Method

Country

Lares et al., 2018 [95]

57.6 MP/L

1.05 part./L

250

Primary and secondary

98.3%

FTIR and Raman Microscope

Finland

(Mikkeli)

Dyachenko et al., 2017 [97]

n.a

0.02 part./L

125

Primary, secondary and tertiary

n.a.

n.a

USA

Mason et al., 2016 [98]

n.a

0.05 part./L

125

17 WWTPs, Tertiary

n.a.

Microscope

USA

Murphy et al., 2016 [90]

15.70 MP/L

0.25 part./L

11

Secondary

98.4%

FTIR

UK

Carr et al., 2016 [99]

1.10 × 109/day

(681 million L./day)

0.88 part./m3

45

Secondary and Tertiary

99.9%

Visual sorting,

Microscope FTIR

USA

Ziajahromi et al., 2017 [93]

n.a

0.28 part./L

25

Primary, secondary and tertiary

92% - 99%

ATR-FT-IR

Australia

Michielssen et al., 2016 [100]

367 MP/L

0.5 MP/L

20

Tertiary (AnMBR)

99.4%

Visual sorting,

Microscope

USA

(Northfield )

Mintenig et al., 2014 and 2017 [94] [101]

n.a

0.1 to 10.1 MP/L

20

12 WWTPs: mostly secondary and tertiary

97%

micro-FT-IR

Germany

(Oldenburg)

Talvitie et al., 2015 [102]

610 MP/L

13.5 MP/L (incl. all textile fibers)

20

Primary, secondary and tertiary

97.6%

Visual sorting, Stereo- microscope

Finland

Viikinmäki

Talvitie et al., 2017 [114]

6.9

0.005 MP/L

20

4 tertiary WWTPs

99.9%

Visual sorting, Stereo- microscope

Finland

Leslie et al., 2017 [104]

73 MP/L

9 to 91 MP/L

0.7

7 WWTPs

72%

Visual sorting

FTIR

Netherlands

Browne et al., 2011 [72]

n.a

1 MP/L

(filtered)

Primary, secondary and tertiary

n.a.

n.a

Australia

Dris et al., 2015 [91]

n.a

14 to 50 MP/L

100

Secondary

83% - 95%

Visual sorting

France

Carr et al., 2016 [99]

1 MP/L

90 MP/L

90 - 300

Primary, secondary and tertiary

95% - 99%

USA

Talvitie and Heinonen 2014 [105]

627 MP/L

70 MP/L

20

n.a

95.6%

μ-Raman spectroscopy Microscope

Russia

Gűndoğdu et al., 2018 [106]

4,825,697/day

7.02 MP/L

n.a.

Secondary

73%

Visual and μ-Raman spectroscopy

Turkey (Seyhan)

Gűndoğdu et al., 2018 [106]

2,040,639/day

4.11 MP/L

n.a.

Secondary

79%

Visual and μ-Raman spectroscopy

Turkey (Yűreğir)