Vector/attenuation or complementation | Antigen/target | Animal model/ Inoculation route | Detected immune response/indicator | References |
Lactobacillus plantarum | H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) | Mouse/Oral | IgG, sIgA, CD4+, CD8+ T cell proliferation, IgA, and IFN-γ+ | [29] [78] |
Staphylococcus aureus | Mouse/Oral | sIgA, IFN-γ/IL-4 | [45] [133] | |
Listeria monocytogenes | Mouse/Oral | IgG, IL-10 and IL-12 | [46] | |
E. coli | Mouse/Oral | SIgA, IFN-, IL-12, TNF_, and IL-6 | [91] | |
Parvovirus | Mouse/Oral | CD11c+, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, sIgA and IgG | [34] | |
Lactobacillus rhamnosus | S. aureus, S. typhimurium, and E. coli, inflammatory damage | Mouse/Oral | proinflammatory cytokines IL-8,TNF-α, IL-12p70, IL-6 and IL-1β, CD3+CD4+IFN-γ+, and CD3+CD4+IL-10+ T cells | [45] [98] [99] |
human rhinovirus | Gnotobiotic pigs/Oral | CD4+T-bet+IFNγ+ T cells | [134] | |
Lactobacillus johnsonii | indigestion, abdominal pain | human | Th1 cells (CD45RO+CD183+CD196−) and cytotoxic CD8+ T cells | [109] [112] |
Lactobacillus reuteri | food allergy | Mouse/Oral | IgE, Th 1 and 2, IFN-c and IL-4, IFN-c, GATA3 and T-bet IL-10, TGF-b and Foxp3, IL-10-CD11c+CD103+ | [123] |
Lactobacillus acidophilus | Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Mouse/Oral | IgA, IL-12, IL-8, IL-6, and IL-1, | [94] |