| Green coconut shell |
650˚C for 1 hour |
ZnCl2 |
Volatile matter (17.2%), fixed carbon (78.9%), ash content (0.9%), surface area (995 m2/g), micropore volume (0.37 cm3/g) in the obtained activated carbon were reported [51] . Removal of methylene blue greater than 90% when the contact time about 9 - 10 hours. |
| Apple pulp and apple peel |
Modified microwave oven was used |
Furnace was used during the activation process. Activation agent: phosphoric acid |
The highest removal of methylene blue was 94.6% and 87.2% for pulp-based, and peel-based activated carbon [52] . BET surface area showed the highest value (1552 m2/g) in apple peel based activated carbon if compared to pulp based (1103 m2/g). |
| Orange peel |
Tubular furnace was used, 1073 K for 1 hour |
-- |
Removal of phenol onto activated carbon was 88 mg/g when the contact time is 3 hours [53] The adsorption data support pseudo second order model. The best pH values are in the range of 4 to 8. |
| Banana peel waste |
350˚C for 1 hour |
Sulphuric acid |
The highest iodine number could be observed when H2SO4 was used during the activation process [54] . Percentage of yield increased from 33.56% to 61.4% as concentration of H2SO4 decreased from 6 N to 1 N. BET surface area increased from 367 to 426 m2/g with increasing the concentration of sulfuric acid. |