Date | Innovation |
1921 | Discovery of Insulin |
1922 | Leonard Thompson-First Patient administered Insulin |
1939 | PZI (protamine zinc insulin) created |
1942 | Miles Laboratory launches ClinitestTM a urine glucose testing tablet |
1946 | NPH insulin introduced |
1952 | U500 Beef insulin developed to treat people with severe insulin resistance |
1954 | DextrostixTM, the first test strip that uses a drop of blood to measure glucose levels |
1955 | Frederick Sanger characterized the exact amino acid sequence of human insulin |
1955 | TestapeTM introduced |
1956 | Lente insulins (Semi-LenteTM, LenteTM and Ultra-LenteTM) introduced |
1957 | ClinistixTM a dip and read urine glucose reagent strip |
1961 | First single use disposable syringe introduced by Benton Dickinson |
1969 | First portable glucose meter created by Ames Diagnostic for use in a doctor’s office introduced |
1970’s | Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) |
1972 | The first standardized U100 insulin is introduced |
1973 | More highly purified Beef and Pork insulins introduced partially reduces local reactions |
1977 | The first HbA1c test is introduced into clinical laboratories |
1980 | Basal-bolus concept and intensive insulin therapy introduced |
1980 | DextrometerTM first meter with a digital display and operated by a battery in UK |
1980 | GlucochekTM by Lifescan became available in UK |
1981 | Blood glucose monitors are ready for home use-the Ames GlucometerTM |
1982 | FDA approves the first synthetic human insulin Eli Lilly and Company HumalinTM |
1985 | Accucheck bGTM model 750 blood glucose monitor introduced |
1992 | Teddy Ryder at age 5 was one of the first people to received insulin in 1922, becomes the first person to live for 70 years with T1DM. Teddy died of heart failure at age of 76 in 1993 |
1992 | OneTouch IITM by Lifescan-simple to operate, pre-calibrated and results in 45 seconds |
1993 | Results of the DCT show that people with T1DM can significantly lower their risks of complications by controlling their blood sugars as close to normal as possible |
1993 | Commercialization of the first instant glucose tablets |
1994 | U500 human regular insulin (Reg-U500) approved by FDA |
1996 | Insulin lispro (HumalogTM) is the first rapid acting insulin introduced |
1999 | First CGM approved |
1999 | Glucowatch BiographerTM (Cygnus)-wristwatch with automatic, frequent monitoring with alarms for low and high readings |
2000 | First basal insulin analog approved |
2006 | EDIC trial and “metabolic memory”: tight glucose control for a period of time helps you live a longer, healthier life |
2006 | Dexcom STS CGMS |
2006 | ExuberaTM first inhaled insulin approve by FDA. Discontinued in 2007. |
2008 | Freestyle Navigator CGM |
2009 | Dexcom Seven Plus CGM |
2009 | 2012 Dexcom G4 Platinum CGM |
2013-2015 | Longer acting basal insulin analogs approved |
2014 | Inhaled Insulin AfrezzaTM FDA approved |
2015 | Dexcom G5 CGM |
2016 | Freestyle Libre Pro Flash CGM |
2016 | Medtronic MiniMed’s iPro2 CGM |
2017 | First FDA approved insulin smart-pen |
2018 | Dexcom G6 CGM |
2018 | Freestyle LIBRE 14 CGM (approved in Europe 2014) |
2018 | Eversense implantable CGM—a smartphone-connected device, first approved in June 2018 |
2020 | Freestyle LIBRE-2 CGM |