Main Theme	Categories	Main Result
Children and parent understanding of Type 1 diabetes	Children and young people’s conceptual understanding of T1DM	Six children out of 16, aged 11 and above were able to explain the cause of diabetes and mechanism of disease.
Children and parent understanding of Type 1 diabetes	Parental knowledge about T1DM	Seven parents out of 16, articulated that while they do have knowledge of diabetes, they are unable to control diabetes or control their children’s behaviour to maintain appropriate blood sugar levels. Other six parents expressed that their knowledge is inadequate.
Children and young people understanding of the management of Type 1 diabetes	I use s glucometer to monitor my blood sugar	The majority of children were understood the role of glucometer. However, the frequency of using glucometer was varied and children have different answers.
	I take insulin using the orange and blue and grey pen	Nine out of 16 children and adolescents referred to the insulin regulator in terms of the colour of the insulin pen such as orange or a blue and grey pen.
	Reading blood sugar levels, feeling symptoms, and managing hypoglycaemia	Most children in this study 14 out of 16 were able to identify hypoglycaemia symptoms. However, three adolescents consume a significant amount of carbohydrate when managing low blood glucose.
Main theme 3: Managing diabetes within Saudi Arabian culture	Children’s food preferences	Eight out of 16 children and adolescents were preferred western diet such as burger, and pizza. Only two adolescents were use Carb counting technique in preparing their meals.
	Sedentary life versus being active	13 out of 16 of the children and adolescents were active and did exercises every day. Few (n = 3) teens girls were prefer sitting at home because of hot weather.
	School food environment	(n = 13) of children and adolescents prefer school food because it is attractive for them.