NixMg6-x Al1.8La0.2 | Co-precipitation and calcined under an airflow at 800˚C | 600˚C - 800˚C | Catalyst exhibited increased CH4 and CO2 conversion thenLa free catalyst | carbon deposition on the catalyst surface was Significant | 75 - 80 | [102] |
La promoted Ni-Mg-Al | Co-precipitation followed by calcination at 600˚C for 6 hours in flowing air | 600˚C & 750˚C | La-promotion enhanced the reducibility of NiO and was beneficial for preparing hydrotalcite based Ni catalysts for DRM | deactivation of the catalyst is severe at low temperatures | 82 | [103] |
Ce promotion Ni/Al and Ni/Mg/Al | Co-precipitation, calcination in the stream of air for 4 h at 550˚C and then adsorption of Ce | 550˚C, 650˚C & 750˚C | Ce-promotion in Ni/Mg/Al and Ni/Al increased CH4 concentrations and affected both activity, selectivity and stability of the developed catalyst | Excess presence of CH4 and CO2in the feed decreases both CH4 and CO2 conversions | 87 | [104] |
Zr promoted Mg(Ni, Al)O | Co-precipitation followed by calcination at 550˚C for 4 h | 550˚C, 650˚C & 750˚C | The amount of incorporated Zr and its placement in the catalyst system affected activity, basicity, and textural properties of the catalyst | Zr introduction to the catalyst system decreased activity. | 83 | [105] |
Ni containing Mg-Al | Co-precipitation and then calcination for 5 h at 500˚C | 300˚C | Higher Ni incorporation affected both the CO2 adsorption capacity andthe reducibility of the catalysts | CH4 selectivity of the catalyst decreases at higher temperatures (400˚C - 450˚C) | 98.3 | [106] |
NiMgAl | Co-precipitation followed by calcination in the static air at 500˚Cfor 10 h | 800˚C | Catalysts with a higher Mg/Al ratio exhibited better resistance to coke formation and catalytic activity. Ni-Mg-Al catalyst with Mg/Al ratio of 1 exhibited the best catalytic performance and stability | Low activity and stability was reported for Al-rich catalysts | 83 | [107] |
Ni-Mg-Al | Co-precipitation followed by calcination for 6hrs at different temperatures of 300˚C, 400˚C, 500˚C, 600˚C, 700˚C, and 800˚C | Temperatures between 400˚C and 700˚C & atmospheric pressure | High catalytic performance due to the lower size of nickel and better stability of the Htlc (NiAl2O4) support | Reduction temperature increases with increasing calcination temperatures | 90 | [108] |
CeZr, Zr, and Ce promoted Ni-Mg-Al | Co-precipitation and then calcination for 4 h at 550˚C | 550˚C | Zr affected both the selectivity and catalytic activity of the catalyst | Conversion of both CO2 and CH4 was comparatively low | 40 | [78] |
CeO2-modified Ni-Mg-Al | Co-precipitation and then calcination for 4 h at 650˚C | 0.1 MPa & 750˚C | CeO2-modified catalysts presented high activity during pressurized DRM | CeO2 addition by both co-precipitation and impregnation method led to a decrease in the pore diameter, total pore volume, and surface area. | 58 | [109] |
Ni-Mg-Al | Co-precipitation followed by calcination at 800˚ | 400˚C to 800˚ | Catalysts exhibited increased activity for both the CH4 and CO2 reforming. Moreover, increasing Ni loadings promoted activity | At low temperature (600˚C) catalytic stability decreased with higher Ni loadings | 86 | [110] |