Catalyst Applied

Method of synthesis

Test Conditions

Observations

CH₄ Conversion %

Ref.

Achievement

Limitation

Pr promoted Ni-Mg-Al

Microwave-assisted self-combustion method

600˚C & atmospheric pressure

6 wt% of Pr decreased the formation of carbon deposits and improved the catalytic stability

Pr only increased the thermal stability but did not improve catalytic conversion

58

[91]

Co₂Ni₂Mg₂Al₂

Co-precipitation, Grinding and finally calcination at 800˚C for 4 h

400˚C to 800˚
C

More active and more stable (less deactivated by

carbon) than commercial Ni(50%)/Al₂O₃ catalyst

Presence of toluene decreased the methane conversion

97

[49]

Ce- and Y-promoted Htlc of Ni₂₊, Mg₂₊,

Al₃₊ and/or Ce₃₊

Co-precipitation followed by Y impregnation and then calcination at 550˚
C for 5 h

Range of 850˚
C - 600˚C and isothermal test at 700˚C

Promotion of Ce increased both CO₂ and CH₄ conversions at the temperature range of 600˚C - 750˚C and 0.2 wt% loading of yttrium increased both CO₂ and CH₄ conversions during isothermal DRM tests

Catalyst promoted with Ce and 0.6 wt% of Y showed decreased catalytic performance and highest basicity.

96.2

[92]

Ni & Fe promoted Htlc of Al & Mg

Co-precipitation followed by calcination at 500˚C for 5 h

250˚C

Low amount of Fe activated the catalysts at low temperature (250˚C)

incorporation of higher amounts of Fe decreased catalytic activity

99

[93]

Co supported Mg-Al

Co-precipitation and then calcination for 4 h at

600˚C

700˚C & ambient

pressure

Fantastic initial activity, significant long term stability, improvement in coke and sintering resistance

CH₄ conversion is below 60%

58.6

[95]

Co/Mg(Al)O

Co-precipitation, then calcination and reduction for 5 hat 800˚C

500˚C - 750˚C

Co/Mg(Al)O-Htlc catalyst was found promising for CH₄ reforming at low-temperature

At higher temperature

(~750˚C) Co catalyst was inferior to Ni catalyst

86.7

[96]

CeO₂, ZrO₂&ZnO promoted NiO/Mg(Al)O

Co-precipitation and then calcination at 600˚C in air for 6 h

750˚C

The work presented kinetic and mechanistic insights into the functions of Ni-Htlc catalysts in DRM

The developed oxide promoted catalysts exhibited slightly lower activity than Ni catalyst

75 - 80

[97]

Y promoted Ni containing Mg/Al

Co-precipitation and then calcination at 550˚C in air for 5 h

600˚C - 850˚C

Y (yttrium) promotion raised the fraction of medium basic sites, reduced Ni crystallite size, and increased specific surface area

The total basicity of catalyst decreased due to Y (yttrium) promotion

88

[98]

CoAl and CoFeHtlc

Co-precipitation followed by calcination at 800˚C in an oven for 6 h

Between 400˚C - 700˚C & atmospheric pressure

CoAl-Htlc catalyst showed better stability and higher catalytic activity during the DRM reaction compared to Co Fe-Htlc catalyst

Fe based catalyst exhibited lower reactivity due to the active phase re-oxidation by the water formed during reverse WGS reaction

66.4 & 54.5

[99]

Zr- and Y-promoted Ni/Mg/Al-Htlc

Co-precipitation and then calcination at 550˚C in air for 5 h

600˚C - 850˚C with a temperature step of 50˚C

Strong interaction between nickel and the promoted Htlc support with low H₂ consumption was reported

Reducibility decreased

72.7

[100]

Ni-Mg-Al

Co-precipitation & incipient wetness impregnation

750˚C

Good stability against sintering and coking with improved activity was observed during DRM process having industrially relevant reaction conditions

During DRM carbon deposition in the catalyst increased at lower temperatures

53.6

[101]