| Raw material | Hemicellulose | Hydrogel synthesis | Hydrogel properties and potential applications | Reference |
| Bambo | Xylan | Grafting with AA + Crosslinking | High swelling, sensitive to pH | [117] |
| Spruce pulp | AcGGM | Grafting with MA + Crosslinking | Drug release | [118] |
| Crude spruce hydrolysate | AcGGM | Free radical graft copolymerization and cross-linking of poly(amidoamine)/AcGGM | High absorption capacity for heavy metal ions | [119] |
| Dextran | AcGGM | In situ Michael-type addition using vinyl sulfone | Thermosensitive injectable hydrogels | [120] |
| Birch wood | Xylan | Introduction of allyl groups + reaction with thioacetic acid, + free thiol-thiol oxidative coupling | 3D hydrogel scaffolds and cross-linked foams | [121] |
| Crude spruce hydrolysate | AcGGM | Direct incorporation of hemicellulose into a semi-IPN matrix obtained by crosslinking polymerization of MA-CMC with AA | Appreciable mechanical performance and high swelling ratio | [122] |
| Crude spruce hydrolysate | AcGGM | Synthesis of Hemicellulose full IPN by free-radical polymerization and a thiol-ene click reaction | Fast swelling rates and highly porous structure | [123] |
| Spruce TMP | AcGGM | Functionalization of carboxylated AcGGM with GMA and covalent immobilization of conductive AT onto GMA. | Electrically conductive hydrogels with high and controllable swelling | [124] |
| Spruce TMP | AcGGM | Cross-linking of AcGGM in a One-pot reaction with E in the presence of AP | Conductivity, swelling and mechanical properties for biomedical applications | [125] |
| Spruce TMP | AcGGM | In situ fabrication of microgels by chemical cross-linking during spray drying | Conductivity, mechanical properties, biomedical applications | [126] |
| Eucalyptus (Acid acetic pulping) | Xylan and glucomannan | Grafting maleic MA to hemicellulose and UV photo-crosslinking with NIPAAm | Temperature responsive | [127] |
| Birchwood | Xylan with glucuronic acid functionalities | Network formation by complexation between glucuronic acid of xylan and amino groups of chitosan | Porous structure, sensitive to pH. | [128] |
| Bamboo | Xylan with glucuronic acid functionalities | Use of Freeze-thaw process to obtain reinforced hybrid hydrogel of Hemicelluloses/PVA/Chitin Nanowhiskers | Improved mechanical and thermal properties (applications in tissue engineering) | [129] [130] |
| Beech | Xylan | Mixing of Xylan, kappa-carrageenan and oat spelt | Improvement of gelling and melting temperatures of Kappa-Carrageenan hydrogels | [131] |
| Pinewood, Switchgras and Coastal bermuda grass | Various hemicelluloses | Grafting with DTPA and cross-linking with chitosan | Biosorbent for Water Desalination and Heavy Metal Removal | [132] |