Raw material

Extraction method

Advantages/Disadvantages

Reference

Softwood

Single- and two-stage diluted-sulfuric acid pretreatment

Degraded dissolved sugars

[106]

Corn stalks

Autohydrolysis and alkaline extraction processes

Hemicellulose of high purity

[107]

Biomass

Hot water treatment and water/acetone extraction

Cleavage of hemicellulose acetate groups

[108]

Spruce

Microwave oven or steam treatment

Successful extracion of hemicellulosic oligosaccharides

[109]

Kraft pulp

Extraction with ionic liquid/cosolvent systems

Hemicellulose with high purity

[110]