| Group of People | Human Health Effect |
| People with asthma | Worsen symptoms, or trigger asthma attacks |
| People with lung disease | Worsen symptoms |
| People with cardiovascular disease | Cause palpitations, chest pain, shortness of breath |
| Pregnant women | Reduced birth weight, preterm birth |
| Children | Frequent respiratory infections, effects on the lung |
| The elderly | Heart disease, stroke, lung diseases (COPD), asthma |