Null hypothesis

F statistics

P value

Conclusion

LnECOI isn’t the cause of LnEUA’s Granger

2.77897

0.0447

Rejected

LnEUA isn’t the cause of LnECOI’s Granger

1.36903

0.2562

Accepted

LnCOAL isn’t the cause of LnEUA’s Granger

3.81336

0.0122

Rejected

LnEUA isn’t the cause of LnCOAL’s Granger

2.62783

0.0540

Rejected

LnGAS isn’t the cause of LnEUA’s Granger

0.36646

0.7774

Accepted

LnEUA isn’t the cause of LnGAS’s Granger

1.96996

0.1229

Accepted

LnOIL isn’t the cause of LnEUA’s Granger

3.39520

0.0206

Rejected

LnEUA isn’t the cause of LnOIL’s Granger

0.48566

0.6930

Accepted

LnPOWER isn’t the cause of LnEUA’s Granger

2.34285

0.0772

Rejected

LnEUA is not the cause of LnPOWER’s Granger

3.39597

0.0206

Rejected