Enzyme/Protein

Function

Reference compound

Hosts

Ref.

Chitinase B

To hydrolyze the polymeric chitin of N-acetylglucosamine framework. Together with the β-1,3-glucanases plays an indirect defensive role: the oligosaccharides of 1,3-β-/1,6-glucan are destroyed in pathogens cell walls. Inhibition of the fungi growth is produced, and a wide range of defense responses are induced in plants.

Chitin (S)

F0O (I)

Alternaria brassicicola

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Rhizoctonia solani

[19] [20] [21]

1,3-β-

Glucanase

To perform their protective function by a hydrolysis of the 1,3-β-/1,6-glucan bond present in the pathogens cell walls.

1,3-β-/1,6-

glucane (S)

Apegin (I)

Fusarium

moniliforme

F. verticillioides

Aspergillus

Flavus

Alternaria solani

Colletotrichum fragariae

C. acutatum

[22] [23] [24] [25]

ECP6

Recognition of specific sequences. It encodes three domains of lysine that disrupt chitin-triggered immunity.

Chitin (L)

Cladosporium. fulvum

[18]

AVR4

A chitin-binding lectin that protects fungal cell walls from plant chitinases, providing a defensive role during infection. It inhibits the Cys-protease Rcr3 secreted by tomato plants and binds chitinases at the fungus cell wall.

Chitin (L)

Cladosporium. fulvum

[26]