Animal communications

Non-verbal communications

Examples

Electrical discharges

e.g. torpedo

Colour variations

e.g. chameleon

Luminous communication bioluminescence

e.g. some shellfish, firefly, plankton

Hormone secretions pheromones

Animal metabolism

Physiological excretions

Urine and feces

Body language: postures and movements

Relax state, alert, curiosity, dominant aggression, fearful aggression, stress, fear and worry, extreme fear and total submission, playfulness, courtship