pH

Lactobacillus spp.

Bifidobacterium spp.

Non-lactic probiotics

Non-probiotics

Dextrose

3.92 ± 0.10^f

5.01 ± 0.21^bcde

3.96 ± 0.05^ef

5.08 ± 0.14^bcde

FOS

5.38 ± 0.21^bc

4.88 ± 0.20^bcdef

5.64 ± 0.29^abcd

6.27 ± 0.10^a

Lactulose

5.02 ± 0.17^cde

4.37 ± 0.19^def

4.10 ± 0.15^cdef

5.91 ± 0.12^ab