nTiO₂ 5 nm

Shoot DW*

(g)

Plant height (cm)

Leaf number/ plant

Root FW*

(g)

Root DW*

(g)

Control

7.2 ± 1.4

20.6 ± 2.1

13.2 ± 0.7

29.8 ± 5.5

3.3 ± 1.0

500 mg/L

5.3 ± 0.9

21.3 ± 2.9

12.3 ± 0.8

34.8 ± 12.9

3.6 ± 1.6

2500 mg/L

6.2 ± 0.6

21.7 ± 2.1

14.5 ± 2.8

25.4 ± 2.4

3.6 ± 1.6

4000 mg/L

6.1 ± 1.0

18.8 ± 2.3

12.3 ± 1.4

31.7 ± 4.1

3.2 ± 0.5

P-value

0.048

0.683

0.096

0.511

0.560