Plant height

(cm)

Shoot DW*

(g)

Root FW*

(g)

Root DW*

(g)

Control

20.6 ± 2.1

7.2 ± 1.4

29.8 ± 5.5

3.3 ± 1.0

nTiO₂, 5 nm

21.3 ± 2.7

6.4 ± 0.8

34.3 ± 8.5

3.5 ± 0.7

nTiO₂, 10 nm

19.3 ± 3.9

5.8 ± 0.9

35.6 ± 3.4

3.5 ± 0.7

p-value

0.953

0.150

0.530

0.925