Graphene-based catalysts

Description

Effects and advantages

Graphene oxide (GO)

Active sites for catalysis are oxygen-containing functional groups.

Improves catalytic efficiency because of the presence of functional groups.

Reduced graphene oxide (rGO)

By removing oxygen groups, reducing GO results in an improvement in electrical conductivity and catalytic activity.

The electrical conductivity and catalytic activity are both improved.

Graphene nanocomposites

Hybrid structures are formed when graphene is combined with metals, metal oxides, or polymers, which increases catalytic activity.

Graphene’s synergistic interaction with other materials improves their catalytic efficiency.

Nanoscale catalysts

Nanoparticle catalysts are dispersed and stabilized in a graphene matrix to reduce aggregate formation and increase activity.

Maintains catalytic efficiency and improves stability.

Heteroatom doping

New catalytic sites are created, and the electrical structure of graphene is altered when nitrogen, Sulphur, or boron are added.

Modifies surface interactions and charge transfer to enhance catalytic activity.