Openness to change

Stimulation—Excitement, novelty, and challenge in life.

Self-direction—Independent thought and action; choosing, creating, exploring.

Conservation

Security—Safety, harmony, and stability of society, of relationships, and of self.

Conformity—Restraint of actions, inclinations, and impulses likely to upset or harm others and violate social expectations or norms.

Tradition—Respect, commitment, and acceptance of the customs and ideas that traditional culture or religion provide the self.

Self-transcendence

Universalism—Understanding, appreciation, tolerance, and protection for the welfare of all people and for nature.

Benevolence—Preserving and enhancing the welfare of those with whom one is in frequent personal contact (the “in-group”).

Self enhancement

Power—Social status and prestige, control or dominance over people and resources.

Achievement—Personal success through demonstrating competence according to social standards.

Hedonism—Pleasure and sensuous gratification for oneself.