Property

Percentage (wt%)

ASTM test Standard

Egusi seed shells (Present study)

Sherry stones shells [17]

Fox nuts shells [15]

Coconut shells [21]

Proximate analysis

Moisture

6.32

2.67

4.0

5.62

D 1762-84

Volatiles

69.53

78.5

70.1

71.4

D 5832-98

Ash

4.13

0.17

5

1.11

D 2866-11

Fixed carbona

20.02

21.33

20.9

23.3

Elemental analysis

Carbon

47.02

48.72

42.3

48.7

Hydrogen

5.46

6.41

4.3

6.34

Nitrogen

3.16

1.85

0.82

1.52

Sulphur

n.db

n.da

0.07

0.038

Oxygena

44.36

43.02

52.51

43.4