Variable/Parameter

Description

$G\left(t\right)$

Blood glucose concentration at time t

$I\left(t\right)$

Blood insulin concentration at time t

$\beta \left(t\right)$

Beta cell mass at time t

$R_0$

The net rate of glucose production at zero glucose level

$E_{GO}$

Total glucose effectiveness at zero insulin

$S_I$

Total insulin sensitivity

$\sigma$

Maximum rate of insulin secretion

$\alpha$

Inflection point of sigmoidal function

K

Insulin clearance rate for muscles, liver and kidney

$d_0$

Beta cell natural death rate

$r_1$ and $r_2$

Constant beta cell glucose tolerance ranges

$\rho$

Epinephrine effectiveness in suppressing insulin secretion

$G_e$

Amount of glucose increase due to epinephrine secretion