Variables

Acronyms

Unit

Source

Gross Domestic Product

GDP

Constant 2010 US dollar

PWT database

Energy price

EP

Price of Crude oil in US$ per barrel deflated by country’s consumer price index

BP statistical Review of World Energy

Population density

PD

Total population per sq.km² of land area

WDI database

Urbanization

URB

% of total population

WDI database

Share of service sector value

SS

% of GDP

WDI database

Human Capital

HC

Index

PWT database

Green innovation

GP

Patent count

OECD database

Institutional quality

IQ

Index

EFW database