Group	Diseases	Intervention	Considerations
Emergencies	Neurovascular compromise	A gentle reduction, angioplasty, or emergency open surgery
	Septic arthritis	Open joint drainage, antibiotic administration	Reevaluating the response through clinical exam improvement and decreased CRP
	Compartment syndrome	Fasciotomy	3 As to doubt: more Analgesia for pain but no relief, Anxiety, and Agitation
	Slipped capital femoral epiphysis	Emergency fixing surgery	Consider the risk of AVN of the hip
	Open fracture	Immediate wound irrigation, debridement, and fracture stabilization	Do not forget antibiotics prescription and tetanus vaccination update
Overuse injury	Stress fracture	Hard-sole shoe, casting, repair surgery (irrigation and debridement), and antibiotics prescription if needed	Consider nail deformity and osteomyelitis
	Osgood-Schlatter disease	Ice pack, anti-inflammatory drugs, activity restriction	Rule out the dangerous causes
	Sever disease	Ice pack, anti-inflammatory drugs, activity restriction	Rule out the dangerous causes
	Osteochondritis dissecans	Several months of activity modification and weight limitation, anti-inflammatory drugs	Arthroscopy fixation is needed in unstable cases
Toddlers	DDH	Open surgery
	Foreign body	Removing the foreign bodies and starting antibiotics	Cover Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Pseudomonas if needed
	Toddler fracture	Casting	4 weeks duration of treatment
	Osteomyelitis	Surgical drainage and debridement, antibiotics prescription
	Limb deficiency	Corrective surgery
	Clubfoot
	Spina bifida
	Coxa vara	Protective treatment or corrective surgery	Association with metabolic bone diseases or osteomyelitis
3 - 10-year-old children	Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease	Anti-inflammatory drugs, controlled weight-bearing, activity limitation, and physical therapy	Casting and surgery if symptoms continue
	Transient synovitis		7 to 10 days duration of improvement
	Kohler disease		Consider the possibility of impaired blood flow and avascular necrosis
	Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease	Corrective surgery
	Equinus contracture
	Idiopathic tight Achilles tendon
10-year-old children	Diskitis	Anti-inflammatory drugs, rest
	Tumors	Surgical resection	Pediatric genetic evaluation is needed in some cases like osteochondroma
	Tarsal coalition	Conservative treatment, temporary boot or cast, fusion or resection surgery in severe cases
	Discoid meniscus	Conservative treatment, meniscectomy in severe cases
	Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA)	Corticosteroid agents, referring to a rheumatologist
	Malignancies	Immediate biopsy and surgery, referring to an oncologist