| Before aroma massage | After aroma massage | P value |
Respiratory rate (bpm) | 23 (10) | 20 (6) | 0.0348 |
Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) | 92 (19) | 87 (18) | 0.023 |
Heart rate (bpm) | 89 (18) | 85 (22) | 0.056 |
VAS (mm) | 6.5 (1.6) | 4.4 (2.0) | <0.00001 |
Activity of α-amylase in the saliva (kIU/L) | 49 (11.8 - 93.8) | 15.5 (3 - 71.3) | 0.00972 |