|
| Control (n = 96) | GDT (n = 99) | P value |
| Age (years) | 69.0 ± 8.2 | 68.9 ± 8.1 | NS |
| Gender (M/F) | 23/73 | 29/70 | NS |
| Height (cm) | 162.3 ± 8.7 | 161.5 ± 8.9 | NS |
| Weight (kg) | 56.5 ± 10.1 | 57.1 ± 13.1 | NS |
| ASA-PS (1/2/3/4) | 17/66/11/1 | 7/84/8/0 | NS |
| Anesthesia time (min) | 437 ± 153 | 421 ± 177 | NS |
| Operative time (min) | 371 ± 152 | 356 ± 178 | NS |
| Esophagectomy | 44 | 42 | ― |
| Pancreatoduodenectomy | 32 | 37 | ― |
| TAA/AAA stent-grafting | 20 | 20 | ― |