| Name of disease | Reasons | Patho-physiological effects |
| Diseases associated with high cholesterol level | ||
| Atherosclerosis | Buildup of fats, cholesterol and other substances in and on the artery walls | Cause arteries to narrow, blocking blood flow. The plaque can also burst, leading to a blood clot. |
| Stroke | Blocks blood supply to part of the brain or when a blood vessel in the brain bursts. | Parts of the brain become damaged or die, paralysis or numbness of the face, arm or leg. |
| Cardiovascular disease | Disease of the heart or blood vessels | Coronary heart disease and heart attacks, blood clot (thrombosis) build-up of fatty deposits inside an artery |
| Xanthomas (familial hypercholesterolemia) | Autosomal dominant inherited genetic disorder, disturbance in lipoprotein metabolism | Persistent hypercholesterolemia |
| Tangier disease (familial HDL deficiency) | Inherited disorder characterized by significantly | Reduced levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in the blood. |
| Diseases associated with low cholesterol level | ||
| Huntington disease | Inherited disorder that causes nerve cells (neurons) in parts of the brain to gradually break down and die | Disease attacks areas of the brain that help to control voluntary (intentional) movement, as well as other areas |
| Trauma and hemorrhagic stroke | Blood vessel in the brain leaks or ruptures, bleeding disorders, or an aneurysm. | Contralateral hemispheric damage, traumatic brain injury |
| Neuropsychiatric disorders | Depression, suicide, anxiety, impulsivity, and aggression), schizophrenia (SZ), bipolar disorder (BD), major depressive disorder MDD) | Cognitive deficit disorders, behavioural disorders arise due to cerebral disturbance, seizures, attention deficit |