| Variable | Patient | Primary caregiver | Variable | Patient | Primary caregiver |
| Number (proportion) | Number (proportion) | Number (proportion) | Number (proportion) | ||
| Gender |
|
| 1 | 5 (8.2) | - |
| Male | 31 (50.8) | 29 (47.5) | 2 | 15 (24.6) | - |
| Female | 30 (49.2) | 32 (52.5) | 3 | 16 (26.2) | - |
| Marital status |
|
| 4 or more | 25 (41.0) |
|
| Married | 57 (93.4) | 59 (96.7) | NYHA |
| - |
| Not married* | 4 (6.6) | 2 (3.3) | II | 14 (23.0) | - |
| Educational attainment |
|
| III | 30 (49.2) | - |
| Elementary school or below | 35 (57.4) | 13 (21.3) | IV | 17 (27.8) | - |
| Middle school | 18 (29.5) | 24 (39.3) | Relationship to patient |
|
|
| High school | 6 (9.8) | 15 (24.6) | Spouse | - | 34 (55.7) |
| Bachelor’s or above | 2 (3.3) | 9 (14.8) | Child | - | 25 (41.0) |
| Duration of heart failure |
|
| Other |
| 2 (3.3) |
| <1 year | 22 (36.1) | - | Daily caregiving time | - |
|
| 1 - 2 years | 14 (23.0) | - | < 6 h | - | 24 (39.3) |
| 2 - 3 years | 7 (11.5) | - | 6-12 h | - | 26 (42.6) |
| 3 - 4 years | 4 (6.6） | - | > 12 h | - | 11 (18.0) |
| 4 - 5 years | 2 (3.3) | - | Lives with patients |
|
|
| >5 years | 12 (19.7) | - | Yes | - | 55 (90.2) |
| Number of hospitalizations |
| - | No | - | 6 (9.8) |