Variable

PREFEER

n = 36

Control

n = 36

P

Age

81.9 ± 7.2

76.6 ± 10.2

0.01

Gender

Female

10 (27.8)

11 (30.6)

0.80

Male

26 (72.2)

25 (69.4)

0.80

Marital status

Single

14 (39.0)

14 (39.0)

1.00

Married/Cohabiting

22 (61.0)

22 (61.0)

1.00

Smoking

Never

13 (36.1)

14 (38.9)

0.81

Former

21 (58.3)

17 (47.2)

0.35

Actual/unknown

2 (5.6)

5 (13.8)

0.23

Alcohol

Never

15 (41.7)

13 (36.1)

0.09

Regular use

16 (44.4)

17 (47.2)

0.41

Unknown

5 (13.9)

6 (16.7)

0.26

History of primary cardiovascular disease for CHF

26 (77.2)

26 (77.2)

1.00

Hypertension

9 (25.0)

9 (25.0)

1.00

Ischemic Heart disease

13 (36.1)

13 (36.1)

1.00

Valve disease

1 (2.8)

1 (2.8)

1.00

Other (e.g., cardiomyopathy)

3 (8.4)

3 (8.4)

1.00

Unknown

10 (28.0)

10 (28.0)

1.00

Other illness in health history

History of atrial fibrillation/flutter

23 (63.9)

22 (61.1)

0.81

History of pulmonary disorder

15 (41.7)

18 (50.0)

0.48

History of stroke

14 (38.9)

12 (33.3)

0.56

Renal disorder

10 (27.8)

11 (30.6)

0.57

Depression

6 (16.7)

12 (33.3)

0.30

Diabetes

13 (19.4)

8 (16.6)

0.07

History of malignancy

6 (16.7)

2 (5.6)

0.13

New York Heart Association class