| Risk factors | Hazard ratio | 95.0% CI | P value | |
| Lower | Upper | |||
| Drinking habit | 3.647 | 1.512 | 8.796 | 0.004 |
| Previous peptic injury | 6.458 | 2.307 | 18.08 | 0.001 |
| Using PPIs | 0.29 | 0.12 | 0.699 | 0.006 |