			Non	Smoker	t/X²	P
Age			44.23 ± 9.97	42.93 ± 7.47	1.821	0.068
Sex	Male	N	160	60
	Male	%	88.9%	100.0%
	Female	N	20	0	5.87	0.009*
	Female	%	11.1%	0.0%
H. pylori	−VE	N	112	40
	−VE	%	62.2%	66.7%
	+VE	N	68	20	0.383	0.536
	+VE	%	37.8%	33.3%
Reflux	−VE	N	116	20
	−VE	%	64.4%	33.3%
	+VE	N	64	40	17.73	0.00**
	+VE	%	35.6%	66.7%
Hiatus hernia	−VE	N	156	52
	−VE	%	86.7%	86.7%
	+VE	N	24	8	0.00	1.00
	+VE	%	13.3%	13.3%
Gastritis	−VE	N	16	16
	−VE	%	8.9%	26.7%
	+VE	N	164	44	12.31	0.00**
	+VE	%	91.1%	73.3%
Erosion	−VE	N	148	36
	−VE	%	82.2%	60.0%
	+VE	N	32	24	12.42	0.00**
	+VE	%	17.8%	40.0%
Peptic ulcer	−VE	N	168	48
	−VE	%	93.3%	80.0%
	+VE	N	12	12	8.88	0.003*
	+VE	%	6.7%	20.0%
Mucosal nodularity	−VE	N	176	48
	−VE	%	97.8%	80.0%
	+VE	N	4	12	22.85	0.00**
	+VE	%	2.2%	20.0%
Chronic active gastritis	−VE	N	104	28
	−VE	%	57.8%	46.7%
	+VE	N	76	32	2.24	0.134
	+VE	%	42.2%	53.3%