| Oesophageal motility | Category | Subjects (N) | Age (mean ± SD) | Male: Female | Symptom |
| Normal | Patient controls | 100 | 50 ± 15 | 40:60 | Dyspepsia 71 Heartburn 11 Cough 9 Hoarseness/sore throat 9 |
| Normal | Dysphagia symptoms | 70 | 50 ± 17 | 28:42 | Difficulty swallowing35 Difficulty swallowing solids 10 Choking/food stuck 8 Pain while swallowing 17 |
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| Minor disorder | Ineffective motility | 30 | 51 ± 14 | 20:10 | Heartburn 5 Dyspepsia 17 Difficulty swallowing 8 |
| Major disorder | Type I achalasia | 20 | 57 ± 17 | 9:11 | Unable to swallow 18 Reflux 2 |
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| Type II achalasia | 20 | 51 ± 21 | 9:11 | Difficulty swallowing 13 Pain while swallowing 7 |
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| Type III achalasia | 20 | 65 ± 12 | 8:12 | Difficulty swallowing 7 Pain while swallowing 13 |
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| EGJ outflow obstruction | 20 | 61 ± 11 | 3:17 | Difficulty swallowing 6 Dysphagia 13 Aspiration 1 |
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| Jackhammer | 20 | 55 ± 14 | 6:14 | Difficulty swallowing 11 Pain while swallowing 7 Dispepsia2 |
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| Oesophageal spasm | 20 | 53 ± 18 | 7:13 | Difficulty swallowing 15 Pain while swallowing 5 |