variant | Test Type (c, t, p) | ADF statistic | 1% critical value | 5% critical value | 10% critical value | Result |
LnDS | (c, t, 4) | −2.29 | −3.83 | −3.03 | −2.66 | Non-stationary |
LnFDI | (c, t, 4) | −1.118 | −3.83 | −3.03 | −2.66 | Non-stationary |
LnGDP | (c, t, 4) | 1.05 | −3.96 | −3.08 | −2.68 | Non-stationary |
LnTAX | (c, t, 4) | −0.22 | −3.83 | −3.03 | −2.66 | Non-stationary |
D LnDS | (c, 0, 4) | −4.32* | −3.86 | −3.04 | −2.66 | Stationary |
D LnFDI | (c, 0, 4) | −5.24* | −3.86 | −3.04 | −2.66 | Stationary |
D LnGDP | (c, 0, 4) | −2.76*** | −4.00 | −3.01 | −2.69 | Stationary |
D LnTAX | (c, 0, 4) | −3.49** | −3.92 | −3.07 | −2.67 | Stationary |