Heat treatment

Thickness (nm)

d (cm−3 × 1020)

ρ (Ωcm × 10−4)

μ (cm2/V.S)

ITO

FTO

ITO

FTO

ITO

FTO

Before annealing

300

−1.44

−2.25

14.32

2.63

3.8

10.5

500

−3.27

−6.19

6.44

3.12

29.6

32.3

600

−2.18

−3.03

8.87

5.45

32.1

37.7

Annealing at 300˚C

300

−5.30

−4.24

4.19

2.14

28.1

68.5

500

−5.80

−1.93

5.52

14.23

19.5

38.4

600

−6.36

−0.01

4.40

28.8

17.3

22.2

Annealing at 400˚C

300

−4.69

−0.04

3.75

28.2

35.4

173.9

500

−6.05

−4.47

3.68

5.16

17.9

27.1

600

−5.03

−9.01

5.69

3.36

10.8

17.2