symbol

parameter

value

h₁

first-level cache hit rate

0.9

h₂

second-level cache hit rate

0.8

t_p

first-level cache access time

1

t_c

second-level cache access time

5

t_m

main memory access time

25

p_m

prob. that an instruction accesses memory

0.4

p_s1

prob. of one-cycle pipeline stall

0.1

p_s2

prob. of two-cycle pipeline stall

0.05