Code

Effects on the construction industry

Group Mean

Group RII %

Levene’s Test for Equality of Variances

Group Rank

F -value

Sig. (Equal)

Construct 1: Direct costs

F1

Poor work performance

3.85a, 3.95b

76.9a, 79.1b

2.253

0.134

5tha, 8thb

F3

Low productivity

3.88a, 3.99b

77.6a, 79.9b

20.895

0.000*

4tha, 7thb

F4

High turnover

3.52a, 4.18b

70.4a, 83.6b

1.980

0.160

10tha, 4thb

F7

Absenteeism/ Sick leave

4.05a, 4.23b

80.9a, 84.7b

9.719

0.002*

1sta, 3rdb

F9

Work stoppage

3.49a, 3.86b

69.9a, 77.2b

28.405

0.000*

11tha, 9thb

F11

Medical costs

3.94a, 4.06b

78.8a, 81.2b

5.558

0.019*

3rda, 6thb

Construct 2: Indirect costs

F2

Low motivation

3.73a, 4.24b

74.7a, 84.8b

0.003

0.959

6tha, 2ndb

F5

Low morale

3.58a, 3.83b

71.6a, 76.5b

16.278

0.000*

8tha, 11thb

F6

Job dissatisfaction

3.95a, 4.10b

79.1,a 82.0b

32.464

0.000*

2nda, 5thb

F8

Breakdown in communication

3.56a, 3.57b

71.3a, 71.5b

29.081

0.000*

9tha, 12thb

F10

Violence at work

3.44a, 3.86b

68.8a, 77.2b

26.986

0.000*

12tha, 10thb

F12

Errors in work

3.72a, 4.39b

74.4a, 87.7b

1.351

0.246

7tha, 1stb