Parameter

ACO

BCO

BA

Inspiration

Foraging behavior of ants.

Foraging behavior of bees.

Echolocation behavior of microbats.

Agents

Ant

Bee

Micro bat

Communication

Indirect

Direct

Direct

Efficiency

Less efficient than BCO

More efficient than ACO

Accurate and Efficient

Selection of Final Path

Depends on the amount of Pheromone on trail.

Waggle dance enables the colony to evaluate the relative merit of different patches according to both the quality of the food they provide and the amount of energy needed to harvest it. More bees are sent to promising solutions.

They use a type of sonar called echolocation to detect prey, avoid obstacles, and locate their roosting crevices in the dark.

Objective Function Defined by

pheromone update

waggle dance

pulse rate and emission velocity

Computational Time

More as compared to BCO.

Less as compared to ACO.

Less as compared to ACO and BCO.

Adaptive

More adaptive in nature.

Less adaptive in nature.

Less adaptive in nature.

Applications

Scheduling problems, Assignment problems, vehicle routing, TSP, SPAM Detection, Image Processing etc.

Job shop Scheduling problems, Flow Shop

Scheduling problems, Open shop Scheduling

Problems, TSP, SPAM Detection, Data Mining etc.

Exergy modelling, Exergy changes in a gas turbine, Optimal capacitor placement for loss reduction in distribution systems, Mutation for image matching, Clustering, Data Mining etc.