Age (year)

21.5 (3.7)

Gender (number of men), (%)

1 (10)

Body Mass Index (kg/m²)

21.7 (1.6)

Symptom duration (months)

18.5 (20.7)

Symptom location (1 - 6)

2.4 (1.3)

Oswestry Disability Index (%)

23.0 (5.0)

P4 (0 - 40)

20.2 (7.6)

12-item Orebro Musculoskeletal Screening Questionnaire (1 - 120), mean (SD)

50.0 (7.9)

Central Sensitization Inventory (0 - 100)

28.0 (11.8)

Global Recovery of Change Scale 5 (−5 - 5) (number), (%)

3 (30)

Global Recovery of Change Scale 4 (−5 - 5) (number), (%)

5 (50)

Global Recovery of Change Scale 3 (−5 - 5) (number), (%)

2 (20)