Paper

Event Study?

Description

Result

Hadani and Schuler [11]

No

Firm market value and RoS regressed against political contributions and board political connections

Negative effect on market value for both political contributions and board political connections. No result for RoS.

Okhmatovskiy [15]

No

RoA regressed against government ownership, and government directors.

No effect

Faccio [10]

No

RoA regressed against political connections.

Connected firms have lower RoA and market to book ratio.

Hersch, Netter, and Pope [12]

No

Tobin’s Q regressed against political contributions, lobbying expenditure, and sum of the two.

No effect

Hillman [13]

No

Effect of politicians on board on market capitalization, market to book ratio, RoA and RoS.

Positive for market cap and market to book ratio, neutral for RoA, RoS

Cooper, Gulen, and Ovtchinnikov [17]

No

Performance on political contributions

Contributing firms enjoy higher returns

Goldman, Rocholl, and So [5]

Yes

1: Returns following announcement of a politically connected person’s nomination to the board. 2: Returns following republican win in 2000 presidential elections.

Positive for study one. In study two, positive for companies connected to winning party, and negative for those connected to losing party.

Bunkanwanicha and Wiwattanakantang [1]

Yes

Compare returns BHAR for 1 year before election with BHAR for 1/2/3 years after elections

Positive

Claessens, Feijen, and Laeven [2]

Yes

CAR of 20day around election results. Correlation between donation to winning and losing candidates is 0.78.

Positive effect for donation to winning candidates, none for losing.

Faccio [3]

Yes

Abnormal returns after board appointment of politician and businessman entering politics.

No effect of board appointments of politicians. Positive for businessman entering politics.

Hillman, Zardkoohi, and Bierman [6]

Yes

Firm ex-employee to political office

Positive

Jayachandran [7]

Yes

Tilt of control in senate

Positive for connections to winning party, negative for the counterparts.

Fishman 2001

Yes

Reaction to news of President Suharto’s ill health.

Positive (firm value decreased on news of ill health).