Author(s)

Definitions

Woods and Hollnagel [52]

“a paradigm [emphasis added] of safety management that focuses on how to help people cope with complexity under pressure to achieve success”

Chialastri and Pozzi [53]

“the broader definition of adaptation, whether the system can handle variations that fall outside the design envelop”

Costella, et al. [54]

“a paradigm [emphasis added] of safety management that focuses on how to help people cope with complexity under pressure to achieve success”

Dekker, et al. [14]

“a way of thinking about safety that departs from conventional risk management approaches …”

Komatsubara [55]

Resilience engineering is the human factors approach for minimizing damages to a system arising from an unexpected situation, and restoring it promptly to its original state through human performance and teamwork

Mendonça [56]

“monitoring and managing performance at the boundaries of competence under changing demands”

Schafer, et al. [57]

“the intrinsic ability of a system or an organization to adjust its functioning prior to and/or following changes and disturbances, so that it can sustain operations even after a major mishap or in the presence of continuous stress”

Han, et al. [58]

“a proactive management approach that allows future risk to be anticipated and the safety level in an organization to be maintained, based on perceptions of current and changing safety levels and recognition of acceptable limits”

Pillay, et al. [11]

“developing an organisation’s behavioural and cognitive capability such that it is able to effectively adjust and continue performing optimally near its safe operating envelop in the presence of everyday threats and environmental stressors at all levels of the organisation”

Shirali, et al. [59]

“inherent capacity of a plant to cope with complex and unexpected events”

Shirali, et al. [60]

“a paradigm [emphasis added] for safety management that concentrates on how to help people to create foresight, and to anticipate the different forms of risk in order to cope with complexities under pressure and move towards success”