Questions

Average Likert score

Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA,

p value

Dental

(n = 75)

Medical

(n = 93)

Pharmacy

(n = 87)

Questions on esthetics self-perception

1. I like the way my teeth are shaped

3.9

4.1

4.2

0.09

2. My teeth are not too long/short for my face

4.0

4.2

3.9

0.12

3. My teeth are not too wide/narrow for my face

3.9

4.0

3.7

0.13

4. My teeth are not too square/round for my face

3.7

3.8

3.6

0.11

5. I am satisfied with the way my gum look

3.8

3.4

3.2

0.14

6. I show just the right amount of teeth on smiling (not too many or too few teeth)

3.7

4.0

4.1

0.06

7. I show just the right amount of gums on smiling (not too much or too less).

3.5

3.7

3.6

0.12

8. The alignment of my teeth is good without crowding (overlapping)

4.0

3.8

4.0

0.05

9. The color of my teeth/gums is normal and satisfactory

3.9

3.3

3.8

0.06

10. My photograph is better from either side of my face

4.1

3.8

4.2

0.06

Average Esthetics self-perception score

3.85

3.81

3.83

0.11

Questions on Self-confidence and psychological impact

11. I try to hide my teeth while smiling

2.7

3.1

2.4

0.04

12. I hesitate being photographed

2.9

3.3

2.9

0.07

13. I hesitate to socialize with friends and family

3.1

2.8

2.9

0.05

14. I hesitate to face-to-face communication with teachers/friends/family

2.8

2.7

2.1

0.07

15. My dental and facial esthetics affects my academic performance/self-confidence

2.0

2.5

1.9

0.06

Average psychological impact score

2.7

2.88

2.44

0.09

Questions on self-perception of seeking orthodontic treatment (braces)

16. When I look at my smile in mirror, I see defects in your teeth or gums?

4.1

4.2

3.8

0.06

17. My friends or family members comment on defects in appearance of my teeth

3.8

3.3

3.7

0.09

18. Someone advised me about my need for orthodontic treatment (Braces)

3.1

3.3

2.9

0.07

19. I need orthodontic treatment (Braces) for improving my dental esthetics

3.8

3.3

3.4

0.08

20. I have consulted a dentist/specialist orthodontist for esthetic opinion

4.1

3.3

3.1

0.04

Average self-perception of seeking orthodontic treatment

3.78

3.48

3.38

0.12