Antibacterial strategy

Basic agent

Modification

Reference

Leachable

antibacterial

agents

­ Triclosan

­ Triclosan-encapsulated halloysite nanotubes (HNT/TCN)

[11]

­ Chlorhexidine (CHX)

­ CHX loaded Montmorillonite (MMT), amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) + CHX

[12] [13]

­ Benzalkonium chloride (BC)

­ BC and acrylic acid (deep eutectic solvent)

[14]

­ Chitosan

­ Methacrylate chitosan (CH-MA), chitosan microspheres with dibasic calcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA)

[15] [16]

Polymerizable

antibacterial

monomers

Dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM)

­ DMAHDM + nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP)/rechargeable NACP

[17] [18]

­ 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC)

­ DMAHDM + MPC, DMAHDM + MPC + rechargeable NACP, MPC + SPRG

[19] [20] [21]

­ Quaternary ammonium dimethacrylate (QADM)

­ Dimethyl Hexadecyl Methacryloxyethyl Ammonium Iodide (DHMAI) + MPC, Ionic dimethacrylates (IDMA1, IDMA2), Urethane dimethacrylate quaternary ammonium monomers (-UDMQA-12), QADM + NACP + silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)

[22] [23]

[24] [25]

­ Quaternary ammonium polyethyleneimine (QPEI)

­ QPEI

[26]

Antibacterial

filler

particles

­ Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs)

Hydroxyapatite (HA) + Polydopamine (PDA) + AgNPs, Halloysite nanotubes (HNT) + Ag (HNT/Ag), Silver sulfadiazine, Ag decorated ZnO NPs

[27] [28]

[29] [30]

­ Zinc Oxide (ZnO)

­ ZnO 3D microstructures, cellulose nanocrystal/zinc oxide (CNC/ZnO) nanohybrids, ZnO@m-SiO₂ (core-shell structure)

[31] [32] [33]

­ Titanium dioxide (TiO₂)

­ Ag decorated TiO₂ NPs

[34]

­ Bioactive glass (BG)

­ Ag doped BG

[35] [36]

­ Surface pre-reacted glass-ionomer (S-PRG)

­ SPRG

[37]