Variables | COR (95%CI) | p-value | AOR (95%CI) | p-value |
Maternal age |
|
|
|
|
<20 | ref | 0.003 | ref | 0.111 |
20 - 34 | 1.77 (1.25 - 2.51) | 1.56 (1.02 - 2.39) | ||
≥35 | 1.94 (1.19 - 3.18) | 1.61 (0.89 - 2.90) | ||
Maternal ethnicity |
|
|
|
|
African | ref | 0.028 | - | - |
Amerindian | 0.60 (0.42 - 0.87) | |||
East Indian | 0.75 (0.52 - 1.09) | |||
Mixed | 0.95 (0.71 - 1.28) | |||
Marital status |
|
|
|
|
Living with husband/partner | ref | 0.013 | ref | 0.044 |
Living without husband/partner | 0.68 (0.50 - 0.92) | 0.68 (0.67 - 0.99) | ||
Family income |
|
|
|
|
<1 minimum wage | ref | <0.001 | ref | 0.003 |
1 - 3 minimum wage | 1.32 (0.96 - 1.82) | 1.18 (0.82 - 1.70) | ||
>3 minimum wage | 2.10 (1.44 - 3.05) | 1.95 (1.29 - 2.97) | ||
Distance from health facility |
|
|
|
|
<5 km | ref | 0.006 | ref | 0.002 |
≥5 km | 0.71 (0.55 - 0.91) | 0.63 (0.47 - 0.85) | ||
First-time pregnancy |
|
|
|
|
Yes | 0.71 (0.55 - 0.92) | 0.011 | - | - |
No | ref | |||
Number of antenatal care visits |
|
|
| |
<4 visits | 0.80 (0.50 - 1.27) | 0.340 | - | - |
≥4 visits | ref | |||
Sector of antenatal care visits |
|
|
|
|
Public | ref | 0.000 | ref | 0.046 |
Private | 1.39 (0.77 - 2.51) | 1.29 (0.63 - 2.62) | ||
Both | 3.65 (1.82 - 7.30) | 2.49 (1.19 - 5.22) | ||
Gestational hypertension |
|
|
|
|
Yes | 3.11 (2.25 - 4.31) | <0.001 | 2.00 (1.35 - 2.96) | 0.001 |
No | ref | ref | ||
Gestational diabetes |
|
|
|
|
Yes | 4.02 (2.34 - 6.90) | <0.001 | 3.22 (1.65 - 6.30) | 0.001 |
No | ref | ref | ||
Use of iron/folic acid during pregnancy |
|
|
| |
Yes | 1.51 (0.93 - 2.46) | 0.098 | - | - |
No | ref | |||
Admission to hospital for any sickness during pregnancy |
|
| ||
Yes | 2.41 (1.76 - 3.31) | <0.001 | 1.82 (1.24 - 2.67) | 0.002 |
No | ref | ref | ||
Gestational age |
|
|
|
|
<37 weeks | 1.71 (1.21 - 2.43) | 0.003 | 1.51 (1.01 - 2.28) | 0.046 |
≥37 weeks | ref | ref |