Items

Subscale

Rating item as moderate or great barrier (%)

Rank order

Insufficient time on the job to implement new ideas.

Setting

96 (61.5)

1

Researchers are written in English.

Research

95 (60.9)

2

The facilities are inadequate for implementation.

Setting

82 (52.6)

3

The nurse does not have time to read research.

Setting

72 (46.2)

4

Other staffs are not supportive of implementation.

Setting

71 (45.5)

5

The amount of research information is overwhelming.

Research

71 (45.5)

5*

There is not a documented need to change practice.

Setting

69 (44.2)

6

The nurse does not see the value of research for practice.

Nurse

67 (42.9)

7

The nurse is uncertain of whether to believe the results of the research.

Nurse

67 (42.9)

7**

The relevant literature is not compiled in one place.

Setting

67 (42.9)

7**

The nurse feels that results are not generalizable to own setting.

Setting

65 (41.7)

8

Research report/articles are not clearly and readably.

Research

65 (41.7)

8*

The nurse is unaware of research.

Nurse

64 (41.0)

9

Implications for practice are not made clear.

Setting

64 (41.0)

9**

The conclusions drawn from the research are not justified.

Research

64 (41.0)

9**

Research has not been replicated.

Research

60 (38.5)

10

Literature reports had conflict results.

Research

60 (38.5)

10*

The nurse feels the benefits of changing practice will be minimal.

Nurse

59 (37.8)

11

Research report/articles are not published fast enough.

Research

59 (37.8)

11**

The conclusions drawn from the research are not justified.

Research

59 (37.8)

11**

The nurse does not feel she/he has authority to change patient care procedures.

Setting

56 (35.9)

12

The research has methodological inadequacies.

Research

54 (34.6)

13

The nurse is isolated from knowledgeable with whom to discuss research.

Nurse

53 (34.0)

14

The nurse sees little benefit for self.

Nurse

51 (32.7)

15

Administration will not allow implementation.

Setting

51 (32.7)

15***

The research is not relevant to the nurse’s practice.

Research

51 (32.7)

15***

Statistical analyses are not understandable.

Research

51 (32.7)

15***

The nurse is isolated from colleagues with whom to discuss the research.

Nurse

50 (32.1)

16

Physicians will not cooperate with implementation.

Setting

45 (28.8)

17

The nurse is unwilling to change/try new ideas.

Nurse

39 (25.0)

18

The nurse feels not capable of evaluating the quality of the research.

Nurse

32 (20.5)

19