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| Presence Risk | Diabetic Foot Ulcer (DFU) | ||||||||||||
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| No Risk n = 90 (%) | Presence Risk n:112 (%)* | Total n:202 (%) | p | No DFU n: 219 (%) | Presence DFU n: 30 (%) | Total n: 249 (%) | p | ||||||
| Age (years) † | 59.7 | ±8.6 | 62.7 | ±9.2 | 61.3 | ±9.1 | 0.021 | 61.54 | ±9.21 | 58.33 | ±11.20 | 61.15 | ±9.51 | 0.143 |
| Sex: Female | 56 | (62.2) | 61 | (54.5) | 117 | (57.9) | 0.316 | 125 | (57.1) | 20 | (66.7) | 145 | (58.2) | 0.333 |
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| House Wife | 31 | (34.4) | 31 | (27.7) | 62 | (30.7) | 0.077 | 64 | (29.2) | 11 | (36.7) | 75 | (30.1) | 0.080 |
| Employed | 25 | (27.8) | 21 | (18.8) | 46 | (22.8) | 51 | (23.3) | 11 | (36.7) | 62 | (24.9) | ||
| Retired | 34 | (37.8) | 60 | (53.6) | 94 | (46.5) | 104 | (47.5) | 8 | (26.7) | 112 | (45.0) | ||
| Religion: Islam | 79 | (87.8) | 96 | (85.7) | 175 | (86.6) | 0.685 | 191 | (87.2) | 30 | (100) | 221 | (88.8) | 0.032 |
| Education |
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| Elementary School | 13 | (14.4) | 8 | (7.1) | 21 | (10.4) | 0.295 | 22 | (10.0) | 8 | (26.7) | 30 | (12.0) | 0.023 |
| Junior High School | 8 | (8.9) | 11 | (9.8) | 19 | (9.4) | 19 | (8.7) | 5 | (16.7) | 24 | (9.6) | ||
| Senior High School | 28 | (31.1) | 31 | (27.7) | 59 | (29.2) | 64 | (29.2) | 6 | (20.0) | 70 | (28.1) | ||
| University | 41 | (45.6) | 62 | (55.4) | 103 | (51.0) | 114 | (52.1) | 11 | (36.7) | 125 | (50.2) | ||
| Smoking status |
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| Never | 67 | (74.4) | 72 | (64.3) | 139 | (68.3) | 0.130 | 150 | (68.5) | 25 | (83.3) | 175 | (70.3) | 0.068 |
| Smoking | 23 | (25.6) | 40 | (35.7) | 63 | (31.2) | 69 | (31.5) | 5 | (16.7) | 74 | (29.7) | ||
| DM Therapy |
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| Oral | 29 | (32.2) | 45 | (40.2) | 74 | (36.6) | 0.692 | 79 | (36.1) | 6 | (20.0) | 85 | (34.1) | 0.020 |
| Insulin | 30 | (33.3) | 32 | (28.6) | 62 | (30.7) | 68 | (31.1) | 16 | (53.3) | 84 | (33.7) | ||
| Oral and Insulin | 29 | (32.2) | 33 | (29.5) | 62 | (30.7) | 68 | (31.1) | 6 | (20.0) | 74 | (29.7) | ||
| Nothing | 2 | (2.2) | 2 | (1.8) | 4 | (2.0) | 4 | (1.8) | 2 | (6.7) | 6 | (2.4) | ||
| Duration DM (years)† |
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| <10 | 49 | (54.4) | 57 | (50.9) | 106 | (52.5) | 0.929 | 114 | (52.1) | 18 | (60.0) | 132 | (53.0) | 0.358 |
| 11 - 20 | 28 | (31.1) | 40 | (35.7) | 68 | (33.7) | 74 | (33.8) | 6 | (20.0) | 80 | (32.1) | ||
| 21 - 30 | 10 | (11.1) | 11 | (9.8) | 21 | (10.4) | 23 | (10.5) | 5 | (16.7) | 28 | (11.2) | ||
| >30 | 3 | (3.3) | 4 | (3.6) | 7 | (3.5) | 8 | (3.7) | 1 | (3.3) | 9 | (3.6) | ||
| Body Mass Index (Kg/m2)† | 26.1 | ±3.9 | 26.1 | ±4.0 | 26.1 | ±4.0 | 0.917 | 26.10 | ±4.0 | 26.08 | ±4.1 | 26.10 | ±4.0 | 0.974 |
| Blood Pressure (mmHg)† |
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| Systolic | 133.9 | ±19.0 | 138.5 | ±20.1 | 136.5 | ±19.7 | 0.098 | 136.5 | ±19.3 | 134.0 | ±18.4 | 136.24 | ±19.1 | 0.496 |
| Diastolic | 82.8 | ±8.8 | 82.8 | ±9.2 | 82.8 | ±9.0 | 0.980 | 83.0 | ±9.1 | 81.0 | ±10.2 | 82.77 | ±9.2 | 0.266 |
| HbA1C (%)† | 8.07 | ±2.70 | 7.58 | ±2.42 | 7.80 | ±2.55 | 0.180 | 7.86 | ±2.61 | 8.95 | ±2.07 | 7.99 | ±2.57 | 0.029 |
| HbA1C IFCC (mmol/mol)† | 64.66 | ±29.56 | 59.36 | ±26.52 | 61.72 | ±27.97 | 0.181 | 62.38 | ±28.61 | 74.43 | ±22.66 | 63.83 | ±28.19 | 0.028 |